1.3 Study Goal:
The data acquired throughout the
research will be used to achieve five objectives:
1. First and foremost, they will present a clear and
comprehensive picture of the current state of vehicular emissions from 2016.
2. Second, the study's findings are intended to serve as
a framework for policy decisions that promote increasing mobility while
lowering greenhouse gas emissions.
3. Finally, current emission factors for various vehicle
types in Bangladesh are proposed.
4. Finally, the findings of this study will be used to
demonstrate how COVID lockdown reduces vehicular emissions.
5. Finally, the study's findings will be used to create a
scenario for future emissions research in Bangladesh.
1.4 The Study's Scope:
The study will only look at and estimate the rate of
automobile emissions in Bangladesh for the last six years and forecast a clear
image for the coming years. The number of registered vehicles, speed, and
annual kilometers is driven all included in this detailed analysis. The study's
data is primarily derived from journal sources and various governmental and
non-governmental organizations, such as LGED, BRTA, and the World Bank. To keep
people informed about engineering analyses, newspapers don't merely broadcast
total GHG emissions and environmental repercussions from automobile emissions.
Some data is unavailable because data collection forms necessitate high-quality
equipment and adequate technical infrastructure, both of which are lacking in
Bangladesh. Government agencies appear to have various data that they would
have anticipated or are still employing older data for future work. This study
separates the flaws and strives to address them as effectively.
1.5 The Study's Structure:
This research-based study includes an overview of the
project, previous research projects, a detailed method and justification for
the study project, data collection and analysis, a description of the study
findings and their significance, and finally, possible recommendations and
future work based on the findings. As a result, the thesis is divided into six
distinct chapters.
Chapter 1: The
first chapter summarizes the entire thesis and lays the groundwork for the
research. It also explains the study's background, significance, scope, and
goal.
Chapter 2: The
past literature on this issue is reviewed in this chapter. This review
highlights prior research provides an overview of vehicle emissions and
discusses the causes of vehicular emissions.
Chapter 3: In
this chapter, the theoretical and analytical components of the system, as well
as study design and methodology in Bangladesh, are discussed. This chapter
describes the inventory of emission models and their parts.
Chapter 4: The
fourth chapter gives an overview of the data gathering procedure in the
research area and then processes the data using the methodology used throughout
the investigation.
Chapter 5: In
Chapter 5, the total vehicle emissions are shown. The percentage of total
emissions is broken down by vehicle type, year, pollutants, and other
parameters. To find variables, different cross-classifications of emissions
were investigated.
Chapter 6: The
primary findings, conclusions, and discussion of the results are presented in
this chapter. Limitations and ideas for further study are also discussed in
this chapter.
1.6 General Overview:
In this chapter, a general statement of the research
endeavour has been offered. The current state of Bangladesh's transportation
system and the scale of the problem have been discussed. The study's aims and
the research project's purpose have also been determined. Finally, the
structure of the thesis documentation work is provided.
2.1 Overview
A thorough review of the literature is carried out to
gain a fundamental understanding and knowledge of emissions from the
transportation sector and transportation systems in a modernized, efficient,
and sustainable country as a whole and a general description of the
transportation sector emissions. The evaluation is briefly described in this
chapter. Finally, this chapter discusses a summary of previous research works
on combustion procedure, stock configuration, vehicle activity parameter,
vehicular fleet management and distribution in Bangladesh, weather properties,
and emission estimation methodology using software called COPERT, as well as
relevant research approaches, findings, and discussion on those works conducted
by various governmental departments, as well as relevant research approaches,
results, and discussion on those works.
For a better outcome, estimating vehicle emissions
necessitates much data. This review aims to assist individuals in understanding
how transportation, personal travel habits, and climate change are linked. It
uses data from several different sources, not all of which are directly related
to climate change or transportation.
2.2 Vehicle Fleet Distribution:
The Bangladesh Road Transport Authority (BRTA) keeps track of the country's motorized vehicle fleet registrations. In 2016-2017, over 2984200 vehicles were registered, according to the BRTA. Except for Utility and Motorcycles, each car's mileage traveled (kilometers) has declined dramatically over the preceding 12 years, while the average number of hours driven per vehicle has increased. As a result, in 2016-17, the speed limit of various vehicle types dropped compared to the RUC research conducted in 2004-05. The majority of large buses and microbuses travel on RHD national highways, with an average speed of 36 to 37 km/hr in 2017, compared to 42 to 45 km/hr in 2004-05. In 2017, the speed restriction for commercial freight vehicles such as Large to Light Trucks on the RHD network was 30 km/hr, down from 41 km/hr in 2004-05. When comparing the numbers of registered cars from 2004-05 to 2016-17, it is evident that most vehicle classes have seen significant increases. As a result, while individual vehicle distances are less, the overall vehicle kilometers traveled by all cars on the roads and highways network is greater.
According to Bangladesh's Roads and Highway Department (RHD), the vehicle fleet consists of various vehicle types. RHD has devised a motorized and non-motorized vehicle categorization system primarily for traffic purposes.
